Roof for mausoleums, tombs, vaults, &amp;c.



110.8534909. A PATENTE MAY 14,' 1907-.i4

` 0.- B. TAYnToR.

. R001" PoR MAUsoL-BUMS, TOMBs, VAULTS, sw.

I i APPLICATION FILE-D 00T.26, 1,906.'

z SHEETS-s113312.

witnesses .THE NoRms PETERS ca., wAsHlNcrroN, u. c.

PATENT oEEioE.

CHARLES E. TAYNTOR, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK;

-ROOF FOR'IVIAUSOLEUNIS, TOIVIBS, VAULTS, &0.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed October 26, 1906. Serial No. 340,678.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. TAYNTOE, a citizen of the United States,and residing in Borough Park, borough of Brooklyn, State of New York,have invented a new and useful Roof for Mausoleums, Tombs, Vaults, andthe Like, of which the following is a specification.

In the construction of roofs for mausoleio ums, tombs, vaults, etc.,oryother buildings and more particularly such as are constructed ofgranite or other stone and have a stone roof, it was for a number ofvyears very difficult to construct a satisfactory roof of i 5 thischaracter, which through change of temperature and long and continuedexposure to the-weather, would not be liable to such a separation of thevarious stones as to effect the stability and life of the roof, therebyprozo ducing seams and. causing the roof to become discolored andpermitting percolation of water therethrough, this action being duelargely to frost and the absence ofv such a permanent joinder of theparts as would resist the same.- To obviate these disadvantages,

I designed prior to theyear 1899, a novel construction of a roof forbuildings of 'this character with the object in view to provide animproved, simple and strong roof construction,

3o in which the seams by the junction of the several parts of the roofwere well protected without interfering with the vision lines of theroof for which invention I was granted Letters Patent No. 635,984, datedOctober 1899. Subsequently I made further improvements in structures ofthis character and devised a roof comprising pediments having side roofstones provided with ribs along their inner top edges, and a central 4oroof stone having lips along its opposite side edges fitted tooverlap'the ribs upon the side roof stones, whereby a novel roofconstruction was produced in which the seams formed by the junction ofthe several parts of the roof 4s were well protected, so as to preventrain from driving through said seams and the consequent percolationofwater therethrough.

In my present invention I have devised an- 5o other novel constructionwhereby I am enabled to accomplish all of the results previouslymentioned in a cheap and expeditious manner by forming one of the sideroof stones as a combined side roof stone and ridge and uniting the twoside roof stones without the necessity of a central roof or keystonewhereby I am enabled to cover the complete roof of a building with twostones. I effect a junction of these parts, which is rain, water orfrost tight under all conditionsand form gutters of such a characterthat all moisture is prevented from entering the 'seams or joints formedbetween the combinedl side roof stone andridge and the other side roofstone.

I further provide means for preventing the water or moisture from theroof stones from reaching the cornice or side walls of the building andthus prevent discoloration of the building and I further provide an airvent at the most advantageous position for 0btaining the very bestresults.

To the above end my invention consists broadly as hereafter claimed inthe novel construction of roof for mausoleums, vaults, and the like,whereby the various stones are so united, as to prevent impropermovement of any stone and gutters are provided in each side roof stone,one of which is the combined side roof stone and ridge, having a lipoverhanging the gutter in the other roof stone so that the seams formedbetween the two stones cannot be acted upon by the elements, nor do theydetract from the appearance of the structure, the seams being wellprotected so as to prevent rain or moisture from driving through themand the gutter and roof stones being so formed that a straight visionline is formed from the outer edge of the side roof stones to the top ofthe ridge.

It further consists of novel features of construction all as will behereinafter fully set forth.

Figure l represents a front-elevation of a roof embodying my invention.sents a sectional view on a line transversely of Fig. 6. Fig. 3represents a sectional v iew showing a construction where two roofstones are employed on each side of the roof. Fig. 4 represents a sideelevation of a portion of a roof showing the gutter and lip at the upperportion the gutter and lip between the two side roof stones, and thegutter for the drain or discharge at the lower portion of the roof. Fig.5 represents a perspective view of'the combined side roof stone andridge. Fig represents a plan view of the roof.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in thefigures.

Referring to the drawings: I have illustrated my invention as applied tothe roof of IOO a mausoleum, or vault and have omitted to show ordescribe in detail, any portion of the construction below the rieze ortop course of the wall. To avoid needless repetition I have shown anddescribed only one embodiment of the building, it being apparent thatboth ends of the building are constructed in substantially the same way,as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

1 designates the roof of a mausoleum, vault, tomb or the like, having afront frieze or top course 2 which together with the side coursessupport the roof proper. Resting upon the top course is the pediment 3or its equivalent which may be made of a single stone or olf` two ormore stones, as desired, said pediment being preferably triangular andpitching in opposite directions laterally to regulate the pitch of theroof.

4 and 5 designate side roof stones which rest upon and overlap thepediment 3 su'l'liciently to insure permanency, these parts beingprovided with mortises and tenons respectively, in the usual manner toprevent said stones sliding, said side stones 4 and 5 forming theopposite sides and overhanging eaves of the roof and in the presentinstance, rest directly upon the side portions 2 and form the cornice.The side roof stone 5 in the present instance has formed integraltherewith, the ridge 6 so that the same forms a combined side roof stoneand ridge and said siderooi` stone 5 having its edge 7 so constructed toform, with the corresponding edge S, of the side roof stone 4, an archby reason of the miter joint, as will be well understood from Fig. 2, sothat the side stones are prevented from settling, as will be evident.

9 designates an overhanging lip formed on the side roof stone 5, in thepresent instance, which extends longitudinally thereof, forming anoverhanging extension. It will be noted, more especially from Fig. 6,that the said lip 9 does not extend the entire length of the said stone5 but terminates a slight distance from the front and rear ends 10 and 11 of said stone, l'or purposes as will be hereinafter described and thatthe said lip is inclined or beveled atits ends, as seen in Fig. 5.

In the present instance, the side roof 4 is provided with an upwardlyextending seat 12, adjacent the outer top portion of the saine, whichseat serves as a wall for the gutter 13, which is formed in the upperportion of said side roof stone 4 and extends longitudinally thereof anydesired distance. In the present instance it is of substantially thesame extent as that of the overhanging lip 9 and the said roof stone 4is provided with the extensions 14 at its upper 'front and rear edgeswhich extensions are situated in front of the lip 9 and form therewith,a beveled joint and conceal the same, so that when the two side roofstones are in position the appearance willy be as seen in Fig. 1, thatis to say the joint between the stones will be a close joint and thedivision line of the two stones will not be broken. As the lip 9overhangs the seat 12 and projects slightly beyond the same it will benoted that the. water and moisture are directed into the gutter l?, andwill be led away from the joints and at the same time it will beapparent that the plane of the lip 9 and of the roof stone -l are in thesame plane so that a straight vision line is presented, whereby it willbe apjmrent that in all directions, the vision line will be preserved.

If desired, I may form a gutter 15 at a suitable point adjacent theridge in the side rool" stone 5, which gutter will also terminate aslight distance from the iront and rear ends as 10 and 11 of the saidroot stone 5 as best understood from Fig. G.

The advantages of my novel construction just describe-d will be apparentto those. skilled in the art, since it is manifest, by the novel mannerof constructing the two side roof stones and forming a combined siderool" stone and ridge, that a roof will be formed, which presen tspermaneucy, strength and power but which resists the elemen and byreason ol the lip S) being in a straight vision line with that ot theouter surface of the side roof, stones, that a pleasing and ornamentalstructure is insured and the vision line of the roof in all directionswill not be interterred with and at the same time the gutters are soconstructed with respect to the lip l), when the parts are assembled,that water and lfrost are prevented :from penetrating or a'l`eeting theseams, thus preventing percolation ol' the water therethrough.

In the construction just deserib xd, I have referred more particularlyto the use oll but two side roo'l stones but it will be apparent thatin. 'forming a root, and where vit is deemed desirable, I may use two ormore side rool` stones on each side oi the ridge with the same results,the construction where two are. used being seen from Figs. 3 and 4,wherein the same parts I have just described are employed and where inaddition, the side .rool` stone 5 is provided with a second overhanginglip 16 which proj ects beyoiul a seat I7 in a side roof stone 1S whichalso has the glitter 19 for carrying oil the water and moisture. In thisevent, the lip 16 will terminztte in the same manner as the lip that aslight distance l'rom the liront and rear ends ol' the side roof stone 5and the root stone 1S will be pro vided with an extension similar to l-l in order to conceal the gutter 1l) and lip 1G, the eiliect ol all ofwhich is the same as previouslydescribed with respect to corresjmndingparts.

Iierctotore in the construction ol roots, the water and moisture hasbeen allowed or permitted to run o'll' the edges thereof and it has beenfound that the same will ol'ten continue lOO llO

down the cornice and against the sides of the buildlng which results 1ndiscoloration of the parts and in some instances, 1n the moisturereaching the interior of the building. In`

order to prevent this I have, broadly, provided means for leading awaythe water and discharging it in such a manner thatit will be impossiblefor the same to reach the cornice and the side walls of the building andto accomplish this I have provided a gutter or gutters in the uppersurface of the sifle roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereofv andhave provided a spout formed in the side stones for directing the water,away from the cornice and the sides.

In the drawings, and more particularly, in Fig. 6, I have shown threegutters having discharges therefrom, but it will be apparent that onlyone gutter and discharge may be employed or any number, depending uponconditions.

2O designates the gutter formed in the upper surface of the side roofstones adjacent the lower edge thereof, said gutter being so formed asto die out or disappear at its upper edge, whereby it does not appear ordetract from the upper stone said gutter having the' two inclined walls21 and 22 which slope toward each other and at substantially theirjunction I form a cut-away portion or groove 23 into whichl the water ormoisture is directed by said gutter 20 and the inclined walls 21 and 22,said groove directing the water to a spout or drip 24 which in thepresent instance I form directly upon the edge of the side roof stones 4and 5 and by reason of undercutting the same the water or moisture fromthe roof will be prevented from touching or reaching any other part ofthe cornice or walls. Said spout 24 is formed of the same material asthat of the roof stones, is

grooves 23.

undercut, and may be made ornamental by curving the same in any desiredmanner if desired, it only being necessary at this point, or pointswhere the said spout is to be situ-V ated, to leave a portion of thematerial when cutting the molding thereon.

As shown in Fig. 6 and as above stated, there are three gutters 20formed in the present construction, the side walls 2l and 22 properlydirecting the moisture to the It will be seen that as the gutters 2O arecounter-sunk the same will not interfere with the vision line and theornamental and attractive appearance ofthe roof will not be destroyed inany manner. l

As above stated, the side roof stones form the full cornice at the loweredges thereof, above the frieze, and in order to ventilate the interiorof the structure, I provide openings or vents 25 at intervals in theunder surface of the roof stones 4 and 5, said openings being thussituated at a point as near the top of the interior as possible, thusobtaining the highest possible efficient ventilation. At the same timethey can be made so small, that guards need not be used and as thepassages are within the cornice, formed in the bottom of the roof stone,they will be hidden from view and. yet no moisture or water can passtherethrough and any number of these vents or openings can be made atany desired place.

I have found in practice, that in some cases where the overhanging lip16 is employed at some distance below the ridge, that it is neeessary toprotect the joint, formed between the two stones, as 5 and 18, in somemanner to prevent the water and moisture, which willrun down the roof,from reaching the joint and to this end I provide a gutter or depression26 which is so situated as to receive the water before it can reach theoint and direct the same over the lip into the gutter as 19. Thisconstruction is more clearly seen in Fig. 4, and it is to be noted thatthe gutter 26 extends in the upper face of the side roof stone atsubstantially the same angle or bevel at which the end of the lipextends.

While I have shown the parts as just described in one form it is evidentthat a greater or lesser number'of roof stones may be employed and thatthe side roof stone having the integral ridge thereon may be transposedand other slight changes may be resorted to, in the form, constructionand arrangement of the several parts, without departing from the spiritand scope of my invention and I do not therefore, desire to be limitedin every instance to the exact construction herein shownand described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, acombined side roof stone and ridge, the latter comprising a lipprojecting from said side roof stone and of less length than the latter,a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and extensions onthe upper ends of said side roof stone within which said lip is seatedand concealed, whereby a straight vision line in all directions ispresented and. but a single unbroken line joint isl visible.

2. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, acombined side roof stone and ridge, the latter comprising a lipprojecting from said side roof stone and of less length than the latter,a second side roof stone over which said lip projects and extensions onthe upper ends of said side roof stone within which said lip is seatedand concealed, whereby a straight vision line in all directions ispresented and but a single un. broken line joint is visible, incombination with a gutter in the upper portion of each of said stoneswith which said ridge coacts.

3. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the IOO IOS

IIO

like, comprising pediments, a combined side roof stone and ridge, thelatter comprising a lip projecting from said side roof stone and of lesslength than the latter, a second side roof stone over which said lipprojects and extensions on the upper ends of said side roof stone withinwhich said lip is seated and concealed, whereby a straight vision linein all directions is presented and but a single unbroken line joint isvisible, in combination with gutters 26 near the ends of said combinedside roof stone and ridge, whereby water, moisture and the like areprevented from reaching said oint.

4. A roof stone having an abutting joint, a vision line, a roof gutterand a gutter leading backwardly from said vision line, behind said jointto said roof gutter.

5. In a side roof stone, an exposed longitudinal surface or vision line,means for protecting said exposed surface, consisting of countersunkgrooves in the face of said exposed surface, and gutters between thevision lines of either end leading to said grooves, whereby water andmoisture is directed from said vision lines to said grooves.

6. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, aside roof stone, a lip projecting from said side roof stonelongitudinally and terminating a short distance from the front and rear'ends thereof, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects andan extension on said second mentioned side roof stone adapted to beseated at the ends of said lip and in front of the same.

7. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising p'ediments, aside roof stone, a lip projecting from said side roof stonelongitudinally and terminating a short distance from the front and rearends thereof, a second side roof stone over which said lip projects andan extension on said second mentioned side roof stone adapted to beseated at the ends of said lip and in front of the same and forming abeveled joint with said lip.

8. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, aside roof stone, a lip projecting from said side roof stone andterminating a short distance from the front and rear ends thereof, asecond side roof stone, a gutter adjacent its upper edge and over whichsaid lip projects and extensions on said second mentioned side roofstone adapted to form with said lip a beveled joint and being situatedat the ends and in front of said lip.

9. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments7side roof stones and a gutter formed in the upper face of each of saidside roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereof, the upper portion ofsaid gutter dying away or disappearing, whereby it does not detract fromthe upper surface of the stone, and a groove in each of said roof i i ii stones into which the said gutters are, adapted to direct the water,moisture and the like.

10. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments,side roof stones, a gutter formed in the upper surface of each of saidside roof stones adjacent the lower edge thereof, the upper portion ofsaid gutter dying away or disappearing whereby it does not detract fromthe upper surface of the stone, a groove in each of said roof stonesinto which the said gutters are adapted to direct the water, moistureand the like, and a drip for receiving the water and moisture from eachof said grooves for preventing said water and moisture from reaching thecornice and side walls of the structure.

ll. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments,side roof stones, a disappearing gutter in the upper surface of each ofsaid roof stones adjacent the lower edges thereof, said guttersterminating a slight distance from the front and rear ends of said roofstones, a groove for cach of said gutters adapted to receive the waterand moisture therefrom, and a drip formed in the side edge of each sideroof stone said drip being within the plane of the vision line of theside roof stone for receiving the water from each of said grooves anddirecting the same away from the cornice and side walls ol` thestructure.

12. A roof for niausoleums, vaults and the like,comprising pedime'nts,side roof stones, a gutter in the upper face of each of said root stonesadjacent the lower edges thereof, said gutters terminating a slightdistance from the front and rear ends of said roof stones, a groove foreach of said gutters :ulapted to receive the water and moisturetherefrom and an undercut spout formed in the side edges ol' each ofsaid roof stones, whereby the moisture and water received from saidgrooves will be directed away from the cornice and side walls of thestructure.

1.3. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments,and side roo' stones laid at an angle to each other, the latter havingvents or openings formed in their undersides at suitable intervals andserving as ventilators for the interior of the structure whereby thevent is concealed and at the highest possible place.

14. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, acombined side roof stone and ridge, a lip projecting from said ridge, asecond side .roof stone forming an arch with the first mentioned sideroot' stone and over which Said lip projects, said lip being within theplane of the surface ol' said side roof stone, whereby a straight visionline in all directions is presented and only one, joint is necessary,obviating the necessity of an ordinary third stone as commonly used,providing but a single oint/side roof stones co-acting with the iirsttwo mentioned side IOO roof stones, and overhanging lips and gutterscommon to said side roof stones at the joints or seams thereof. j

15. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments, acombined side roof stone and ridge, a lip projecting from said ridge, asecond side roof stone forming an arch Within the rst mentioned sideroof stone and over Which said roof projects, said lip being Within theplane of the surface of said side roof stone,Whereby a straight visionline in all directions is presented and only one joint is necessary,obviating the necessity of an ordinary third stone -as commonly used,providing but a single oint, side roof stones co-acting With the firsttWo mentioned side roof stones, overhanging lips and gutters common tosaid side roof stones at the joints or seams thereof, and a gutterformed above and adjacent each end of said lips for directing the Waterand moisture into the gutters.

16. A roof for mausoleums, vaults and the like, comprising pediments,twov side roof stones forming an arch, a longitudinally eX- tending lipon one of said side roof stones, a gutter in the other side roof stoneover Which said lip projects said gutter and lip terminating a shortdistance from the ends of their respective side roof stones, therebypreserving an unbroken vision line, and a gutter in said first mentionedside roof stone for directing rain, moisture, and the like away from thejoint between the stone.

17. A rooil for mausoleuins, vaults and the like, comprising pediments,side roof stones, a

li on one of the side roof stones having beve ed ends and terminating aslight distance from the front and rear ends of the stone and anextension on the other si de rooi*I stone, being beveled to correspondto the bevel of the ends of the lip so as to formV a complete cover ofthe joint therebetween as in ordinary cases.

CHARLES E. TAYNTOR.

Witnesses

